The study of artificial intelligence originated over two thousand years ago. The search for methods or devices capable of simulating human reasoning has been the purpose of this area for a long time. It began with philosophers seeking to understand how vision processes, memories, learning and reasoning are performed, various attempts to mechanize intelligence were made. Since its origins in the 1950s, the area of Artificial Intelligence, or has been developing in various branches of science and various lines of research to provide the computer to perform functions that only the human brain is able to solve .
What is Artificial Intelligence?
Here are some definitions of artificial intelligence:
- Systems that weigh as human beings: “The new and interesting effort to make computers think ... Machines with minds, in the total and literal sense.”(HAUGELAND, 1985).
- Systems that act as human beings: “The art of creating machines that perform functions that require intelligence when performed by people.” (Kurzweil, 1990).
- Systems that think rationally: “The study of mental faculties for their use of computational models.” (Charniak; McDermott, 1985).
- Systems that act rationally: “Computational intelligence is the study of intelligent agents project.” (POOL et al., 1998).